Silsiladda molecular ee xabagta polyurethane waxaa ku jira kooxda carbamate (-NHCOO-) ama kooxda isocyanate (-NCO), oo loo qaybiyay polyisocyanate iyo polyurethane laba qaybood. , waxay abuuraan kooxo polyurethane ama polyurea, si ay si weyn u wanaajiyaan xoogga nidaamka oo loo gaaro ujeedada isku-xidhka.
Xabagta inta badan waa dhejisyo, oo leh wakiilo kala duwan oo daaweyn ah, balaastiig, buuxinta, dareerayaasha, walxaha ilaaliya, xasiliyayaasha iyo wakiilada isku-xidhka iyo waxyaallaha kale ee la diyaariyey. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, iyada oo si degdeg ah loo hagaajinayo heerka horumarinta alaabta, noocyo kala duwan oo koollo ah oo leh awood xoog leh ayaa yimid. soo baxay midba midka kale, kaas oo si weyn u tayeeyay suuqa xabagta.
1. Heerka horumarka
Xabagta poliurethane waa nooc ka mid ah xabagta dhexe iyo sare, taas oo leh dabacsanaan aad u fiican, iska caabin saameyn leh, caabbinta kiimikada, xirashada caabbinta, iyo tan ugu muhiimsan waa iska caabbinta heerkulka hooseeya. By hagaajinta alaabta ceeriin iyo caanaha, waxaan samayn karnaa noocyo kala duwan oo Xabagta polyurethane oo ku habboon isku-xidhka u dhexeeya agabyo kala duwan iyo isticmaalyo kala duwan. Polyurethane adhesive ayaa markii ugu horreysay loo adeegsaday goobta milatariga 1947. Shirkadda Bayer, triphenyl methane triisocyanate ayaa si guul leh loogu dabaqay isku-xidhka birta iyo caagga, waxaana loo adeegsaday jidka. Taangiga, kaas oo aasaas u ah warshadaha xabagta poliurethane.Japan waxay soo bandhigtay tignoolajiyada Jarmalka iyo Maraykanka 1954, waxay bilaabeen inay soo saaraan xabagta polyurethane 1966, waxayna si guul leh u soo saareen koolada vinyl polyurethane ee biyaha ku salaysan, kuwaas oo la geliyay wax soo saarka warshadaha 1981.At hadda, cilmi-baarista iyo wax-soo-saarka xabagta poliurethane ee Japan ayaa aad u firfircoon, oo ay weheliyaan Maraykanka iyo Galbeedka Yurub, Japan waxay noqotay wax soo saar weyn oo dhoofiya poliurethane. Tan iyo 1980-meeyadii, xabagta polyurethane ayaa si degdeg ah u horumaray, hadda waxay noqdeen warshado kala duwan oo aad loo isticmaalo.
Sannadkii 1956-kii, Shiinuhu waxa uu soo saaray oo soo saaray triphenyl methane triisocyanate (Lekner adhesive), isla markiiba waxa uu soo saaray toluene diisocyanate (TDI) iyo xabagta polyurethane ee laba qaybood ka kooban, taas oo weli ah noocyada ugu badan ee xabagta polyurethane ee Shiinaha. soo bandhigay khadadka wax soo saarka badan oo horumarsan iyo alaabta dibadda, taas oo tiro badan oo ka mid ah xabagta poliurethane dibadda laga keeno loo baahan yahay si ay u taageeraan, sidaas kor u horumarinta adhesives polyurethane ee unugyada cilmi-baarista gudaha.Gaar ahaan ka dib 1986, warshadaha polyurethane ee Shiinaha ayaa galay muddo. Horumarka degdega ah. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, qiimaha xabagta poliurethane ayaa hoos u dhacaya, qiimaha hadda ee xabagta polyurethane ayaa kaliya 20% ka sarreeya kan koollada chloroprene, taas oo bixisa shuruudaha xabagta poliurethane si ay u qabsato suuqa xabagta chloroprene.
Waqtiga boostada: Mar-03-2021